Proper boat battery storage can extend its life and keep it in good working order year-round, not to mention save you the time and expense of unnecessary replacement. Most boat owners take steps to prepare their boats for winter storage, which includes managing the battery; however, you should think about battery storage and maintenance whenever your boat sits idle for long periods of time.
Types of Boat Batteries
There are several types of marine batteries:
- Flooded lead-acid batteries: These are the traditional batteries most people are familiar with. They are the least expensive option but also require the most maintenance.
- Absorbent glass mat batteries: More advanced than traditional lead-acid batteries, these require much less maintenance and offer improved performance.
- Gel batteries: These use a gel electrolyte rather than the liquid electrolyte in traditional lead-acid batteries.
- Lithium-ion batteries: Lithium-ion batteries have a longer lifespan, hold a charge longer, and fare better with extreme temperatures. However, they are more expensive than lead-acid batteries.
All batteries will lose their charge over time, but storing them improperly will expedite this process.
Where Is the Best Place to Store Boat Batteries?
The best place to store a boat battery is someplace dry, cool, and well-ventilated. Ensure that the location you select shields the boat battery from extreme temperatures and harsh environmental conditions. Ideally, you’ll want to store your battery indoors, but outdoor storage can be an option if absolutely necessary.
Some boat owners use a battery storage box for storage. Manufacturers specifically design these inexpensive containers to secure and protect a marine battery from harsh environments. While not required for lithium batteries, they are a smart choice for transitional lead-acid, AGM, and gel batteries.
Do Boat Batteries Need to Be Stored Inside?
You can store your boat battery outside if you wish, but it isn’t ideal and isn’t wise in most climates. By storing your battery indoors, you have better control of the environment and can ensure the cool, dry conditions necessary for prolonging its life.
However, sometimes, it might not be possible to store your boat battery indoors. In that situation, you’ll want to choose a covered, ventilated location where your battery will remain dry. Avoid placing it on the ground to help avoid issues with cold and moisture.
What About Boat Battery Winter Storage?
If you store your boat indoors over the winter, or if you live in a mild climate, you may choose to store your battery in your boat over the winter. However, if your boat will experience freezing temperatures while in storage, it is a good idea to store your battery elsewhere.
Even if you choose to store your battery in your boat, you’ll want to prepare your boat battery for winter storage. Fully charge the battery before disconnecting it, and make sure the battery is in a safe spot, protected from moisture.
Can You Leave Your Battery Charger Plugged in All Winter?
Whether you choose to leave your charger plugged in all winter depends on what type of battery charger you use. Make sure it is a battery maintainer or smart charger intended for long-term use.
Battery maintainers are low-output chargers that turn on and off as needed. These chargers monitor the battery charge level and adjust accordingly.
Trickle chargers are another option you might consider. They provide a slow and steady charge over a long period; however, they need monitoring and should be disconnected once the battery is topped off.
How Long Can a Marine Battery Sit Before It Dies?
Battery life depends on a range of factors, such as the type of battery, the state of charge when placed in storage, and storage conditions.
Lead-acid batteries, including AGM types, lose their charge quickly without regular charging. They may last anywhere from a few weeks to a few months. Check these types of batteries often and recharge as needed to keep them in good working order. If stored in a discharged state or ignored for long periods, these batteries will sulfate and completely lose capacity.
Lithium-ion batteries have a much lower discharge rate compared to their more traditional counterparts. They might hold their charges for months or even years. However, it is still a good idea to establish a regular schedule for checks and maintenance while they are in storage.
How Must a Storage Battery Be Positioned On a Boat?
To prevent shifting, securely mount stored batteries on a boat in an upright position. It’s a good idea to use a battery box or a tray with straps. In addition, the battery should be in a dry, ventilated area away from moisture and protected from the elements.
Some states and local areas have laws regarding the placement of storage batteries, and it is worth your time to do a little research on your regional requirements.
The U.S. Coast Guard also has very specific regulations regarding battery placement on recreational boats, including storage batteries. It is smart to familiarize yourself with these regulations.
More Boat Battery Storage Ideas and Tips
Here are a few more tips for proper and effective boat battery storage:
- Fully charge lead-acid batteries before placing them in storage, then check them regularly to keep them charged.
- Even though AGM and gel batteries are considered “maintenance free” it is still smart to keep them in a fully charged state.
- Unlike lead-acid batteries, it is better to store lithium-ion batteries in a partially charged state of around 50-70%. You’ll still want to check them regularly.
- Inspect and clean your batteries before storage.
- If you expect your battery to encounter frigid temperatures while it is in storage, it may be necessary to utilize insulation or thermal wraps to prevent freezing.
- If a battery dies, dispose of it according to local regulations.
If you live in the Corpus Christi area and need advice on boat battery storage, Boat Stop Storage can help. Contact us today, and we can answer your questions and help you find solutions.